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62 lines
2.1 KiB
62 lines
2.1 KiB
+++
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author = "Maik de Kruif"
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title = "Challenge 2"
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subtitle = "Challenge 2 - AdventOfCTF"
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date = 2020-12-02T17:30:25+01:00
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description = "A writeup for challenge 2 of AdventOfCTF."
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cover = "img/writeups/adventofctf/2020/948b1eb046c96865a05808660ee99e10.png"
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tags = [
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"AdventOfCTF",
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"challenge",
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"ctf",
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"hacking",
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"writeup",
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"web",
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"cookies",
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]
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categories = [
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"ctf",
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"writeups",
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"hacking",
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]
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+++
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- Points: 200
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## Description
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For the 2nd challenge you will need to bypass the login mechanism.
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Visit <https://02.adventofctf.com> to start the challenge.
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## Solution
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When opening the website we're provided with a login form. If we fill in the form with random data, we're greeted with some text that says a guest cannot access the flag.
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After trying several things, I opened the devtools to have a look at the cookies. Here we find a cookie with the name `authenticated`:
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```cookie
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authenticated=eyJndWVzdCI6InRydWUiLCJhZG1pbiI6ImZhbHNlIn0%3D
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```
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The value of this cookie looks like a base64 encoded string so lets try to decode it:
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_Note: in a url encoded string, the text `%3D` means a `=`._
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```bash
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> echo "eyJndWVzdCI6InRydWUiLCJhZG1pbiI6ImZhbHNlIn0=" | base64 -d
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{"guest":"true","admin":"false"}%
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```
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The result is some JSON data which specifies whether we are a guest or an admin.
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Normally, we can easily alter the string to say we're an admin, but this time there is some weird non-printable character at the end. This means we can't easily modify it while still having the correct response. To circumvent this, I'll use `sed` to replace the string while keeping the non-printable character:
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```bash
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> echo "eyJndWVzdCI6InRydWUiLCJhZG1pbiI6ImZhbHNlIn0=" | base64 -d | sed 's/"guest":"true"/"guest":"false"/g' | sed 's/"admin":"false"/"admin":"true"/g' | base64
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eyJndWVzdCI6ImZhbHNlIiwiYWRtaW4iOiJ0cnVlIn0=
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```
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If we put this string back into the cookie and refresh the page we get the flag: `NOVI{cookies_are_bad_for_auth}`.
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This flag can then be submitted for the [challenge](https://ctfd.adventofctf.com/challenges#2-3).
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